July 1, 1889 - Frederick Douglass named U.S. Minister to Haiti.
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July 2, 1872 - Elijah McCoy patents his first self-lubricating locomotive engine. The quality of his inventions helped coin the phrase "The Real McCoy".
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President Johnson signs Civil Rights Bill - 1964
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July 3, 1688 - The Quakers in Germantown, Pa., make the first formal protest against slavery.
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July 5, 1892 - Andrew J. Beard patents rotary engine.
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July 6, 1957 - Althea Gibson wins women's singles title at Wimbledon, becoming first African American to win tennis's most prestigious award.
July 8, 1943 - Faye Wattleton, first African American director of Planned Parenthood, born.
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July 9, 1893 - Dr. Daniel Hale Williams performs first successful open-heart operation.
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July 11, 1905 - W.E.B. Dubois and William Monroe Trotter organize the Niagara Movement, predecessor of the NAACP, which demanded abolition of all race distinctions.
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Cornelius Johnson, high jumper, sets a new world record - 1936
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July 12, 1949 - Frederick M. Jones patents air-conditioning unit used in food transportation vehicles.
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July 13, 1965 - Thurgood Marshall becomes first African American appointed U.S. Solicitor General.
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Slavery banned in the Northwest territory - 1787
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July 14, 1955 - George Washington Carver Monument, first national park honoring an African American, is dedicated in Joplin, Mo.
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Dr Charles Drew, blood plasma pioneer, awarded Springarn Medal - 1944
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Congress approves arming African Americans - 1862
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Granville Woods' railway brake patent - 1905
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July 20, 1950 - First U.S. victory in Korea won by Black troops of the 24th Infantry Regiment.
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National Association of Colored Women organized - 1896
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July 23, 1778 - More than 700 Blacks participate in Battle of Monmouth (NJ).
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July 25, 1916 - Garrett Morgan, inventor of the gas mask, rescues six people from gas-filled tunnel in Cleveland, Ohio.
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July 27, 1880 - Alexander P. Ashbourne patents process for refining coconut oil.
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July 28, 1868 - 14th Amendment granting Blacks full citizenship rights, becomes part of the Constitution.
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Congress ratifies the 14th Amendment - 1868
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